{"id":140,"date":"2007-04-17T14:35:20","date_gmt":"2007-04-17T14:35:20","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2007-04-17T14:35:20","modified_gmt":"2007-04-17T14:35:20","slug":"140","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/?p=140","title":{"rendered":"\u505a\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55,,\u5475\u5475&#8211;linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168(1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>cat cd <br \/>chmod chown <br \/>cp cut <br \/>\u540d\u79f0\uff1acat <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1acat [-AbeEnstTuv] [&#8211;help] [&#8211;version] fileName <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u628a\u6863\u6848\u4e32\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\u4f20\u5230\u57fa\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u8424\u5e55\u6216\u52a0 &gt; fileName \u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\uff09 <br \/>\u53c2\u6570\uff1a <br \/>-n \u6216 &#8211;number \u7531 1 \u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u884c\u6570\u7f16\u53f7 <br \/>-b \u6216 &#8211;number-nonblank \u548c -n \u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u4e0d\u7f16\u53f7 <br \/>-s \u6216 &#8211;squeeze-blank \u5f53\u9047\u5230\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee3\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c <br \/>-v \u6216 &#8211;show-nonprinting <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a <br \/>cat -n textfile1 &gt; textfile2 \u628a textfile1 \u7684\u6863\u6848\u5185\u5bb9\u52a0\u4e0a\u884c\u53f7\u540e\u8f93\u5165 textfile2 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u91cc <br \/>cat -b textfile1 textfile2 &gt;&gt; textfile3 \u628a textfile1 \u548c textfile2 \u7684\u6863\u6848\u5185\u5bb9\u52a0\u4e0a\u884c\u53f7\uff08\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u4e0d\u52a0\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u9644\u52a0\u5230 textfile3<\/p>\n<p>\u540d\u79f0 : cd <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650 : \u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f : cd [dirName] <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e : \u53d8\u6362\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u81f3 dirName\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d dirName \u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u53ef\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u82e5\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u5219\u53d8\u6362\u81f3\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684 home directory (\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u521a login \u65f6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55)\u3002 <br \/>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c&#8221;~&#8221; \u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u4e3a home directory \u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c&#8221;.&#8221; \u5219\u662f\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c&#8221;..&#8221; \u5219\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b : \u8df3\u5230 \/usr\/bin\/ : <br \/>cd \/usr\/bin <br \/>\u8df3\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 home directory : <br \/>cd ~ <br \/>\u8df3\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e24\u5c42 : <br \/>cd ..\/..<\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0 : chmod <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650 : \u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f : chmod [-cfvR] [&#8211;help] [&#8211;version] mode file&#8230; <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e : Linux\/Unix \u7684\u6863\u6848\u5b58\u53d6\u6743\u9650\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ea7 : \u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u3001\u7fa4\u7ec4\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u3002\u5229\u7528 chmod \u53ef\u4ee5\u85c9\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u6863\u6848\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u5b58\u53d6\u3002 <br \/>\u628a\u8ba1 : <br \/>mode : \u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b : [ugoa&#8230;][+-=][rwxX]&#8230;][,&#8230;]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2du \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0cg \u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53(group)\u8005\uff0co \u8868\u793a\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4eba\uff0ca \u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u7686\u662f\u3002 <br \/>+ \u8868\u793a\u589e\u52a0\u6743\u9650\u3001- \u8868\u793a\u53d6\u6d88\u6743\u9650\u3001= \u8868\u793a\u552f\u4e00\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650\u3002 <br \/>r \u8868\u793a\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0cw \u8868\u793a\u53ef\u5199\u5165\uff0cx \u8868\u793a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0cX \u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u662f\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u8005\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u3002 <br \/>-c : \u82e5\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u6743\u9650\u786e\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u624d\u663e\u793a\u5176\u66f4\u6539\u52a8\u4f5c <br \/>-f : \u82e5\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u6743\u9650\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u8baf\u606f <br \/>-v : \u663e\u793a\u6743\u9650\u53d8\u66f4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599 <br \/>-R : \u5bf9\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53d8\u66f4(\u5373\u4ee5\u9012\u56de\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9010\u4e2a\u53d8\u66f4) <br \/>&#8211;help : \u663e\u793a\u8f85\u52a9\u8bf4\u660e <br \/>&#8211;version : \u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b :\u5c06\u6863\u6848 file1.txt \u8bbe\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7686\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6 : <br \/>chmod ugo+r file1.txt <br \/>\u5c06\u6863\u6848 file1.txt \u8bbe\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7686\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6 : <br \/>chmod a+r file1.txt <br \/>\u5c06\u6863\u6848 file1.txt \u4e0e file2.txt \u8bbe\u4e3a\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u6240\u5c5e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u8005\u53ef\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199\u5165 : <br \/>chmod ug+w,o-w file1.txt file2.txt <br \/>\u5c06 ex1.py \u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c : <br \/>chmod u+x ex1.py <br \/>\u5c06\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7686\u8bbe\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6 : <br \/>chmod -R a+r * <br \/>\u6b64\u5916chmod\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6743\u9650\u5982 chmod 777 file <br \/>\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1achmod abc file <br \/>\u5176\u4e2da,b,c\u5404\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793aUser\u3001Group\u3001\u53caOther\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002 <br \/>r=4\uff0cw=2\uff0cx=1 <br \/>\u82e5\u8981rwx\u5c5e\u6027\u52194+2+1=7\uff1b <br \/>\u82e5\u8981rw-\u5c5e\u6027\u52194+2=6\uff1b <br \/>\u82e5\u8981r-x\u5c5e\u6027\u52194+1=7\u3002 <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a <br \/>chmod a=rwx file <br \/>\u548c <br \/>chmod 777 file <br \/>\u6548\u679c\u76f8\u540c <br \/>chmod ug=rwx,o=x file <br \/>\u548c <br \/>chmod 771 file <br \/>\u6548\u679c\u76f8\u540c <br \/>\u82e5\u7528chmod 4755 filename\u53ef\u4f7f\u6b64\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5177\u6709root\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0 : chown <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650 : root <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f : chmod [-cfhvR] [&#8211;help] [&#8211;version] user[:group] file&#8230; <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e : Linux\/Unix \u662f\u591a\u4eba\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6863\u6848\u7686\u6709\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u3002\u5229\u7528 chown \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6863\u6848\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u52a0\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u53ea\u6709\u662f\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u8005(root)\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u6539\u8bbe\u4e3a\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u8005(root)\u624d\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002 <br \/>\u628a\u8ba1 : <br \/>user : \u65b0\u7684\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 IDgroup : \u65b0\u7684\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53(group)-c : \u82e5\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u786e\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u624d\u663e\u793a\u5176\u66f4\u6539\u52a8\u4f5c-f : \u82e5\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u8baf\u606f-h : \u53ea\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fde\u7ed3(link)\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8be5 link \u771f\u6b63\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6863\u6848-v : \u663e\u793a\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u53d8\u66f4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599-R : \u5bf9\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u53d8\u66f4(\u5373\u4ee5\u9012\u56de\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9010\u4e2a\u53d8\u66f4)&#8211;help : \u663e\u793a\u8f85\u52a9\u8bf4\u660e&#8211;version : \u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b : <br \/>\u5c06\u6863\u6848 file1.txt \u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u8bbe\u4e3a users \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 jessie : <br \/>chown jessie:users file1.txt <br \/>\u5c06\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7686\u8bbe\u4e3a users \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 lamport : <br \/>chmod -R lamport:users *<\/p>\n<p>\u540d\u79f0\uff1acp <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a <br \/>cp [options] source dest <br \/>cp [options] source&#8230; directory <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u62f7\u8d1d\u81f3\u53e6\u4e00\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u6216\u5c06\u6570\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u62f7\u8d1d\u81f3\u53e6\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 <br \/>\u628a\u8ba1\ue4cd <br \/>-a \u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u6863\u6848\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u8d44\u6599\u90fd\u7167\u539f\u72b6\u4e88\u4ee5\u590d\u5236\u3002 <br \/>-r \u82e5 source \u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u4e4b\u6863\u6848\u4ea6\u7686\u4f9d\u5e8f\u62f7\u8d1d\u81f3\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002 <br \/>-f \u82e5\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u6863\u540d\u7684\u6863\u6848\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u590d\u5236\u524d\u5148\u4e88\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u518d\u884c\u590d\u5236\u3002 <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a <br \/>\u5c06\u6863\u6848 aaa \u590d\u5236(\u5df2\u5b58\u5728)\uff0c\u5e76\u547d\u540d\u4e3a bbb : <br \/>cp aaa bbb <br \/>\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684C\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5f0f\u62f7\u8d1d\u81f3 Finished \u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d : <br \/>cp *.c Finished<\/p>\n<p>\u540d\u79f0\uff1acut <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u7528\u6cd5\uff1acut -cnum1-num2 filename <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u884c\u4ece\u5f00\u5934\u7b97\u8d77 num1 \u5230 num2 \u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002 <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a <br \/>shell&gt;&gt; cat example <br \/>test2 <br \/>this is test1 <br \/>shell&gt;&gt; cut -c0-6 example ## print \u5f00\u5934\u7b97\u8d77\u524d 6 \u4e2a\u5b57\u5143 <br \/>test2 <br \/>this i<\/p>\n<p>\u540d\u79f0 : find <br \/>\u7528\u6cd5 : find <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e : <br \/>\u5c06\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7b26\u5408 e&#173;xpression \u7684\u6863\u6848\u5217\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u8981\u6863\u6848\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u7c7b\u522b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u8d44\u8baf\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5217\u51fa\u6765\u3002 <br \/>find \u6839\u636e\u4e0b\u5217\u89c4\u5219\u5224\u65ad path \u548c e&#173;xpression\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a &#8211; ( ) , ! \u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u4e3a path\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u662f e&#173;xpression\u3002\u5982\u679c path \u662f\u7a7a\u5b57\u4e32\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u524d\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5982\u679c e&#173;xpression \u662f\u7a7a\u5b57\u4e32\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 -print \u4e3a\u9884\u8bbe e&#173;xpression\ue4c9 <br \/>e&#173;xpression \u4e2d\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9009\u9879\u6709\u4e8c\u4e09\u5341\u4e2a\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u53ea\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u3002 <br \/>-mount, -xdev : \u53ea\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5217\u51fa\u5176\u5b83\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6863\u6848 <br \/>-amin n : \u5728\u8fc7\u53bb n \u5206\u949f\u5185\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fc7 <br \/>-anewer file : \u6bd4\u6863\u6848 file \u66f4\u665a\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fc7\u7684\u6863\u6848 <br \/>-atime n : \u5728\u8fc7\u53bb n \u5929\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fc7\u7684\u6863\u6848 <br \/>-cmin n : \u5728\u8fc7\u53bb n \u5206\u949f\u5185\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7 <br \/>-cnewer file :\u6bd4\u6863\u6848 file \u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6863\u6848 <br \/>-ctime n : \u5728\u8fc7\u53bb n \u5929\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u6863\u6848 <br \/>-empty : \u7a7a\u7684\u6863\u6848-gid n or -group name : gid \u662f n \u6216\u662f group \u540d\u79f0\u662f name <br \/>-ipath p, -path p : \u8def\u5f84\u540d\u79f0\u7b26\u5408 p \u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0cipath \u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199 <br \/>-name name, -iname name : \u6863\u6848\u540d\u79f0\u7b26\u5408 name \u7684\u6863\u6848\u3002iname \u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199 <br \/>-size n : \u6863\u6848\u5927\u5c0f \u662f n \u5355\u4f4d\uff0cb \u4ee3\u8868 512 \u4f4d\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u533a\u5757\uff0cc \u8868\u793a\u5b57\u5143\u6570\uff0ck \u8868\u793a kilo bytes\uff0cw \u662f\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f4d\u5143\u7ec4\u3002-type c : \u6863\u6848\u7c7b\u578b\u662f c \u7684\u6863\u6848\u3002 <br \/>d: \u76ee\u5f55 <br \/>c: \u5b57\u578b\u88c5\u7f6e\u6863\u6848 <br \/>b: \u533a\u5757\u88c5\u7f6e\u6863\u6848 <br \/>p: \u5177\u540d\u8d2e\u5217 <br \/>f: \u4e00\u822c\u6863\u6848 <br \/>l: \u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u7ed3 <br \/>s: socket <br \/>-pid n : process id \u662f n \u7684\u6863\u6848 <br \/>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ( ) \u5c06\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f0f\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u5217\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002 <br \/>exp1 -and exp2 <\/p>\n<p>! expr <br \/>-not expr <br \/>exp1 -or exp2 <br \/>exp1, exp2 <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b: <br \/>\u5c06\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u5ef6\u4f38\u6863\u540d\u662f c \u7684\u6863\u6848\u5217\u51fa\u6765\u3002 <br \/># find . -name &#8220;*.c&#8221; <\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5176\u5176\u4e0b\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u822c\u6863\u6848\u5217\u51fa <br \/># find . -ftype f <\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u6700\u8fd1 20 \u5206\u949f\u5185\u66f4\u65b0\u8fc7\u7684\u6863\u6848\u5217\u51fa <br \/># find . -ctime -20<\/p>\n<p>\u540d\u79f0\uff1aless <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a <br \/>less [Option] filename <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a <br \/>less \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e more \u5341\u5206\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u5b57\u6863\u6848\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f less \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5f80\u56de\u5377\u52a8 <br \/>\u4ee5\u6d4f\u89c8\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u8fc7\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u56e0\u4e3a less \u5e76\u672a\u5728\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8bfb\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u9047\u4e0a\u5927\u578b\u6863\u6848\u7684\u5f00\u542f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6bd4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6587\u4e66\u7f16\u8f91\u5668(\u5982 vi)\u6765\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a <\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0 : ln <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650 : \u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f : ln [options] source dist\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d option \u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a : <br \/>[-bdfinsvF] [-S backup-suffix] [-V {numbered,existing,simple}] <br \/>[&#8211;help] [&#8211;version] [&#8211;] <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e : Linux\/Unix \u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u8fde\u7ed3(link)\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u6863\u6848\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u8fde\u7ed3\u53c8\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd : \u786c\u8fde\u7ed3(hard link)\u4e0e\u8f6f\u8fde\u7ed3(symbolic link)\uff0c\u786c\u8fde\u7ed3\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u800c\u8f6f\u8fde\u7ed3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5219\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u8be5\u6863\u6848\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6307\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u786c\u8fde\u7ed3\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u8f6f\u8fde\u7ed3\u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 <br \/>ln source dist \u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7ed3(dist)\u5230 source\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u8fde\u7ed3\u6216\u8f6f\u94fe\u7ed3\u5219\u7531\u53c2\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002 <br \/>\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u786c\u8fde\u7ed3\u6216\u8f6f\u94fe\u7ed3\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u539f\u672c\u7684\u6863\u6848\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4efd\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u5360\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u78c1\u789f\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>-f : \u94fe\u7ed3\u65f6\u5148\u5c06\u4e0e dist \u540c\u6863\u540d\u7684\u6863\u6848\u5220\u9664-d : \u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u786c\u94fe\u7ed3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u5f55-i : \u5728\u5220\u9664\u4e0e dist \u540c\u6863\u540d\u7684\u6863\u6848\u65f6\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u8be2\u95ee-n : \u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6f\u8fde\u7ed3\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06 dist \u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6863\u6848-s : \u8fdb\u884c\u8f6f\u94fe\u7ed3(symbolic link)-v : \u5728\u8fde\u7ed3\u4e4b\u524d\u663e\u793a\u5176\u6863\u540d-b : \u5c06\u5728\u94fe\u7ed3\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u8986\u5199\u6216\u5220\u9664\u7684\u6863\u6848\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd-S SUFFIX : \u5c06\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u6863\u6848\u90fd\u52a0\u4e0a SUFFIX \u7684\u5b57\u5c3e-V METHOD : \u6307\u5b9a\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f&#8211;help : \u663e\u793a\u8f85\u52a9\u8bf4\u660e&#8211;version : \u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b : <br \/>\u5c06\u6863\u6848 yy \u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a symbolic link : zz <br \/>ln -s yy zz <br \/>\u5c06\u6863\u6848 yy \u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a hard link : zz <br \/>ln yy xx<\/p>\n<p>\u540d\u79f0\uff1alocate <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a locate [-q] [-d ] [&#8211;database=] <br \/>locate [-r ] [&#8211;regexp=] <br \/>locate [-qv] [-o ] [&#8211;output=] <br \/>locate [-e ] [-f ] &lt;[-l ] [-c] <br \/>&lt;[-U ] [-u]&gt; <br \/>locate [-Vh] [&#8211;version] [&#8211;help] <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a <br \/>locate \u8ba9\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u641c\u5bfb\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6863\u6848\u3002\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u62ec\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u540d\u79f0\u53ca\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u5e93\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u5f53\u5bfb\u627e\u65f6\u5c31\u53ea\u9700\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d44\u6599\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5b9e\u9645\u6df1\u5165\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002 <br \/>\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7684 distribution \u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d44\u6599\u5e93\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u90fd\u88ab\u653e\u5728 contab \u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u53ea\u8981\u7528 <br \/># locate your_file_name <br \/>\u7684\u578b\u5f0f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002 \u53c2\u6570\uff1a <br \/>-u <br \/>-U <br \/>\u5efa\u7acb\u8d44\u6599\u5e93\uff0c-u \u4f1a\u7531\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c-U \u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 <br \/>-e <br \/>\u5c06 <br \/>\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5916\u3002 <br \/>-l <br \/>\u5982\u679c \u662f 1\uff0e\u5219\u542f\u52a8\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u6743\u9650\u65e0\u6cd5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6863\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u59cb\u901f\u5ea6\u51cf\u6162\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a locate \u5fc5\u987b\u81f3\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u6863\u6848\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8d44\u6599\u3002 <br \/>-f <br \/>\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5916\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u7406\u8981\u628a proc \u6863\u6848\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6863\u6848\u653e\u5728\u8d44\u6599\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002 <br \/>-q <br \/>\u5b89\u9759\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u8baf\u606f\u3002 <br \/>-n <br \/>\u81f3\u591a\u663e\u793a \u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u3002 <br \/>-r <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u89c4\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f0f \u505a\u5bfb\u627e\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002 <br \/>-o <br \/>\u6307\u5b9a\u8d44\u6599\u5e93\u5b58\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002 <br \/>-d <br \/>\u6307\u5b9a\u8d44\u6599\u5e93\u7684\u8def\u5f84 <br \/>-h <br \/>\u663e\u793a\u8f85\u52a9\u8baf\u606f <br \/>-v <br \/>\u663e\u793a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8baf\u606f <br \/>-V <br \/>\u663e\u793a\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u7248\u672c\u8baf\u606f \u8303\u4f8b\uff1a <br \/>locate chdrv : \u5bfb\u627e\u6240\u6709\u53eb chdrv \u7684\u6863\u6848 <br \/>locate -n 100 a.out : \u5bfb\u627e\u6240\u6709\u53eb a.out \u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u663e\u793a 100 \u4e2a <br \/>locate -u : \u5efa\u7acb\u8d44\u6599\u5e93<\/p>\n<p>\u540d\u79f0 : ls <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650 : \u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 <br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f : ls [-alrtAFR] [name&#8230;] <br \/>\u8bf4\u660e : \u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u4e4b\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u6240\u542b\u4e4b\u6863\u6848\u53ca\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55)\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>-a \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u53ca\u76ee\u5f55 (ls\u5185\u5b9a\u5c06\u6863\u6848\u540d\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\u5f00\u5934\u4e3a&#8221;.&#8221;\u7684\u89c6\u4e3a\u9690\u85cf\u6863\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa) <br \/>-l \u9664\u6863\u6848\u540d\u79f0\u5916\uff0c\u4ea6\u5c06\u6863\u6848\u578b\u6001\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u3001\u6863\u6848\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u8d44\u8baf\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u51fa <br \/>-r \u5c06\u6863\u6848\u4ee5\u76f8\u53cd\u6b21\u5e8f\u663e\u793a(\u539f\u5b9a\u4f9d\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u6b21\u5e8f) <br \/>-t \u5c06\u6863\u6848\u4f9d\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u5148\u540e\u6b21\u5e8f\u5217\u51fa <br \/>-A \u540c -a \uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5217\u51fa &#8220;.&#8221; (\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u5f55) \u53ca &#8220;..&#8221; (\u7236\u76ee\u5f55) <br \/>-F \u5728\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6863\u6848\u540d\u79f0\u540e\u52a0\u4e00\u7b26\u53f7\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6863\u5219\u52a0 &#8220;*&#8221;, \u76ee\u5f55\u5219\u52a0 &#8220;\/&#8221; <br \/>-R \u82e5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e4b\u6863\u6848\u4ea6\u7686\u4f9d\u5e8f\u5217\u51fa <br \/>\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a <br \/>\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u662f s \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u6108\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u6108\u540e\u9762 : <br \/>ls -ltr s* <br \/>\u5c06 \/bin \u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u6863\u6848\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599\u5217\u51fa : <br \/>ls -lR \/bin <br \/>\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u6863\u6848\u53ca\u76ee\u5f55\uff1b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e8e\u540d\u79f0\u540e\u52a0 &#8220;\/&#8221;, \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6863\u4e8e\u540d\u79f0\u540e\u52a0 &#8220;*&#8221; : <br \/>ls -AF<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>cat cd chmod chown cp cut \u540d\u79f0\uff1acat \u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8005 \u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1acat [-<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link\">\n\t\t\t\t <a href=\"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/?p=140\" class=\"link-btn theme-btn\"><span>Read More <\/span> <i class=\"fa fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-6"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=140"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/140\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3v.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}